The Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination convened a Liechtenstein Colloquium on European and International Affairs (LCM), in Triesenberg, Liechtenstein, November 15-17, 2013. The LCM brought together representatives and experts from 20 states, and was chaired by LISD Director, Wolfgang Danspeckgruber. The meeting was the fourth LCM convened by LISD on Syria. Participants included Prince Hans Adam II of Liechtenstein, religious leaders from Russia and the wider region, Amb. Lakhdar Brahimi, and representatives and experts from the Middle East, Europe, Russia, the United States, and the UN.   

Discussions focused on the development of new ideas and strategies for the planned Geneva II peace conference, and how to bring about an end to hostilities in Syria. Specifically, participants engaged in a simulation of possible strategic developments and potential results in the overall situation; analyzed challenges to create an effective ceasefire and end of hostilities through multiple levels of analysis; and addressed the issues of human security, kidnappings, starvation and refugees, weapons of mass destruction, terrorism and radicalization, and the impact of regional neighbors and concerned international powers.